Silk Protein Hydrolysate (60%) - 100 MG
Silk protein hydrolysate is the common name for silk fibroin protein enzymatic hydrolysate (FPEH).
A protein found in the cocoons of silkworms, it is rich in the amino acid glycine and has been used in Asian traditional medicines for generations, due to a belief that it can protect various parts of the body from being damaged and boost memory and the immune system.
The effects on memory that Natrol claim have been "clinically shown" are indeed true. In fact, studies show it is able to significantly improve memory in as little as three weeks, rather than the four weeks that Natrol list on the Cognium box.
Unfortunately, what Natrol fail to say is what dose has been clinically shown to produce these effects. This is because, while the optimal dose of FPEH is listed at 400 to 600 mg per day, and even the minimum dose is set at 280 mg per day, Cognium contains just 100 mg per serving (1).
This means, short of taking 3 to 6 times the recommended dose, which would get very costly, require you to take between 6 and 12 tablets each day, and risk severe side effects, the key "clinically studied ingredient" in Natrol Cognium is likely to do nothing for your memory at all.
Other Ingredients
While silk protein hydrolysate is the unique ingredient that powers Natrol Cognium Memory Tablets, there are a number of other ingredients present in them as well. Most are used mainly to improve the taste or texture of the tablets, but they can also have other effects as well.
These ingredients include dicalcium phosphate, microcrystalline cellulose, maltodextrin, glyceryl monostearate, silicon dioxide, croscarmellose sodium, stearic acid, magnesium stearate, methylcellulose, and glycerin.
Silicon dioxide, microcrystalline cellulose, glyceryl monostearate, stearic acid and glycerin are all used exclusively to stabilise the product and improve its texture.
Dicalcium Phosphate, magnesium stearate & Croscarmellose Sodium
Dicalcium phosphate is a compound made of calcium and phosphate that is used in the process that converts the ingredients into tablet form. It can also offer some mild benefits to the production and maintenance of bones, teeth, DNA, and cell membranes.
However, it can also cause side effects like, nausea, vomiting, frequent urination, poor appetite, and gastrointestinal issues, and should not be used when pregnant or nursing (2).
Magnesium stearate, croscarmellose sodium, and methylcellulose also help to create the bulk and texture of the tablet, while the latter two have the added benefit of helping to make it easier to digest (3)(4).
Maltodextrin
Maltodextrin is an artificial sweetener that has the same number of calories as regular sugar.
It provides no other health benefits and is used solely as it is much cheaper. It will sweeten a product just the same but also spikes your blood sugar much faster, making it a far more unhealthy alternative (5).
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5852809/
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/21584077
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Croscarmellose-sodium
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/51063134
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4940893/